---
lab:
    title: 'Lab 06: Implement Traffic Management'
    module: 'Administer Network Traffic Management'
---

# Lab 06 - Implement Traffic Management

## Lab introduction

In this lab, you learn how to configure and test a public Load Balancer and an Application Gateway. 

This lab requires an Azure subscription. Your subscription type may affect the availability of features in this lab. You may change the region, but the steps are written using East US.

## Estimated timing: 40 minutes

## Lab scenario

Your organization has a public website. You need to load balance incoming public requests across different virtual machines. You also need to provide images and videos from different virtual machines. You plan on implement and Azure Load Balancer and an Azure Application Gateway. All resources are in the same region. 

## Interactive lab simulations

There are interactive lab simulations that you might find useful for this topic. The simulation lets you to click through a similar scenario at your own pace. There are differences between the interactive simulation and this lab, but many of the core concepts are the same. An Azure subscription is not required.

+ [Create and configure and Azure load balancer](https://mslabs.cloudguides.com/guides/AZ-700%20Lab%20Simulation%20-%20Create%20and%20configure%20an%20Azure%20load%20balancer). Create a virtual network, backend servers, load balancer, and then test the load balancer. 
+ [Deploy Azure Application Gateway](https://mslabs.cloudguides.com/guides/AZ-700%20Lab%20Simulation%20-%20Deploy%20Azure%20Application%20Gateway). Create an application gateway, create virtual machines, create the backend pool, and test the gateway. 
+ [Implement traffic management](https://mslabs.cloudguides.com/guides/AZ-104%20Exam%20Guide%20-%20Microsoft%20Azure%20Administrator%20Exercise%2010). Implement complete hub and spoke network including virtual machines, virtual networks, peering, load balancer, and application gateway.

## Tasks

+ Task 1: Provision the lab environment
+ Task 2: Implement Azure Load Balancer
+ Task 3: Implement Azure Application Gateway



## Task 1: Provision the lab environment

In this task, you will use a template to deploy one virtual network, one network security group, and two virtual machines along with associated virtual network interface cards. The VMs will reside in a hub virtual network named **az104-vnet1**.

1. If necessary, download the **\\Allfiles\\Lab06\\az104-06-vms-loop-template.json** lab file. 

1. Sign in to the **Azure portal** - `https://portal.azure.com`.

1. Search for and select `Deploy a custom template`.

1. On the custom deployment page, select **Build you own template in the editor**.

1. On the edit template page, select **Load file**.

1. Locate and select the **\\Allfiles\\Lab06\\az104-06-vms-loop-template.json** file and select **Open**.

   >**Note:** Notice this file includes the Parameters at the top of the file. So, a separate Parameters file is not needed. 

1. Select **Save**.

1. Use the following information to complete the fields on the custom deployment page, leaving all other fields with the default value.

    | Setting       | Value         | 
    | ---           | ---           |
    | Subscription  | Your Azure subscription |
    | Resource group| `az104-rg6` (If necessary, select **Create new**)
    | Region        | **East US**   |
    | VM Size       | **Standard DS2 v3** |
    | Admin Username| `localadmin` |
    | Password      | Provide a secure password |

     >**Note**: If you receive an error that the VM size is unavailable, select a SKU that is available in your subscription and has at least 2 cores.

1. Select **Review + Create** and then select **Create**.

    >**Note**: Wait for the deployment to finish before moving to the next task. The deployment should complete in approximately 5 minutes.
    
    >**Note:** While you wait, search for and select **Network Watcher**. Select the **Topology** blade to get a view of the virtual network infrastructure. Hover over the networks to view subnet and IP addressing information. 

## Task 2: Implement Azure Load Balancer

In this task, you will implement an Azure Load Balancer in front of the two Azure virtual machines in the hub virtual network. Load Balancers in Azure provide layer 4 connectivity across resources, such as virtual machines. Load Balancer configuration includes a front-end IP address to accept connections, a backend pool, and rules that define how connections should traverse the load balancer.


## Architecture diagram - Load Balancer

>**Note**: Notice the Load Balancer is distributing across two virtual machines in the same virtual network. 


![Diagram of the lab tasks.](../media/az104-lab06-lb-architecture.png)


1. In the Azure portal, search for and select `Load balancers` and, on the **Load balancers** blade, click **+ Create**.

1. Create a load balancer with the following settings (leave others with their default values) then click **Next : Frontend IP configuration**:

    | Setting | Value |
    | --- | --- |
    | Subscription | the name of your Azure subscription |
    | Resource group | **az104-rg6** |
    | Name | `az104-lb` |
    | Region | The **same** region that you deployed the VMs |
    | SKU  | **Standard** |
    | Type | **Public** |
    | Tier | **Regional** |
    
     ![Screenshot of the create load balancer page.](../media/az104-lab06-create-lb1.png)

1. On the **Frontend IP configuration** tab, click **Add a frontend IP configuration** and use the following settings:  
     
    | Setting | Value |
    | --- | --- |
    | Name | `az104-fe` |
    | IP type | IP address |
    | Public IP address | Select **Create new**|
    | Gateway Load Balancer | None |
    
1. On the **Add a public IP address** popup, use the following settings before clicking **OK** and then **Add**. When completed click **Next: Backend pools**. 
     
    | Setting | Value |
    | --- | --- |
    | Name | `az104-pip` |
    | SKU | Standard |
    | Tier | Regional |
    | Assignment | Static |
    | Routing Preference | **Microsoft network** |

1. On the **Backend pools** tab, click **Add a backend pool** with the following settings (leave others with their default values). Click **+ Add** (twice) and then click  **Next: Inbound rules**. 

    | Setting | Value |
    | --- | --- |
    | Name | `az104-be` |
    | Virtual network | **az104-06-vnet1** |
    | Backend Pool Configuration | **NIC** | 
    | Click **Add** to add a virtual machine |  |
    | az104-vm0 | **check the box** |
    | az104-vm1 | **check the box** |

1. On the **Inbound rules** tab, click **Add a load balancing rule**. Add a load balancing rule with the following settings (leave others with their default values). When completed click **Add**.

    | Setting | Value |
    | --- | --- |
    | Name | `az104-lbrule` |
    | IP Version | **IPv4** |
    | Frontend IP Address | **az104-fe** |
    | Backend pool | **az104-be** |
    | Protocol | **TCP** |
    | Port | `80` |
    | Backend port | `80` |
    | Health probe | **Create new** |
    | Name | `az104-hp` |
    | Protocol | **TCP** |
    | Port | `80` |
    | Interval | `5` |
    | Close the create health probe window | **Save** | 
    | Session persistence | **None** |
    | Idle timeout (minutes) | `4` |
    | TCP reset | **Disabled** |
    | Floating IP | **Disabled** |
    | Outbound source network address translation (SNAT) | **Recommended** |

1. As you have time, review the other tabs, then click **Review and create**. Ensure there are no validation errors, then click **Create**. 

1. Wait for the load balancer to deploy then click **Go to resource**.  

1. Select **Frontend IP configuration** from the Load Balancer resource page. Copy the public IP address.

1. Open another browser tab and navigate to the IP address. Verify that the browser window displays the message **Hello World from az104-06-vm0** or **Hello World from az104-06-vm1**.

1. Refresh the window to verify the message changes to the other virtual machine. This demonstrates the load balancer rotating through the virtual machines.

    > **Note**: You may need to refresh more than once or open a new browser window in InPrivate mode.

### Test the connection between vm0 and vm1 

1. From the Azure portal, search for and select `Network Watcher`.

1. From Network Watcher, in the Network diagnostic tools menu, select **Connection troubleshoot**.

1. Use the following information to complete the fields on the **Connection troubleshoot** page.

    | Field | Value | 
    | --- | --- |
    | Source type           | **Virtual machine**   |
    | Virtual machine       | **vm0**    | 
    | Destination type      | **Virtual machine**   |
    | Virtual machine       | **vm1**   | 
    | Preferred IP Version  | **Both**              | 
    | Protocol              | **TCP**               |
    | Destination port      | `3389`                |  
    | Source port           | *Blank*         |
    | Diagnostic tests      | *Defaults*      |

    ![Azure Portal showing Connection Troubleshoot settings.](../media/az104-lab06-connection-troubleshoot.png)

1. Select **Run diagnostic tests**.

    >**Note**: It may take a couple of minutes for the results to return. The screen selections will be greyed out while the results are being collected. Notice the **Connectivity test** shows **Reachable**. This makes sense because the virtual machines are in the same virtual network. 

## Task 3: Implement Azure Application Gateway

In this task, you will implement an Azure Application Gateway in front of the two Azure virtual machines. An Application Gateway provides layer 7 load balancing, Web Application Firewall (WAF), SSL termination, and end-to-end encryption to the resources defined in the backend pool. The Application Gateway will route images to one virtual machine and videos to the other virtual machine. 

## Architecture diagram - Application Gateway

>**Note**: This Application Gateway is working in the same virtual network as the Load Balancer in the previous tasks. This is not typical in a production environment.

![Diagram of the lab tasks.](../media/az104-lab06-gw-architecture.png)

1. In the Azure portal, search and select `Virtual networks`.

1. On the **Virtual networks** blade, in the list of virtual networks, click **az104-vnet1**.

1. On the  **az104-vnet1** virtual network blade, in the **Settings** section, click **Subnets**, and then click **+ Subnet**.

1. Add a subnet with the following settings (leave others with their default values).

    | Setting | Value |
    | --- | --- |
    | Name | `subnet-appgw` |
    | Subnet address range | `10.60.3.224/27` |

1. Click **Save**

    > **Note**: This subnet will be used by the Azure Application Gateway instances. The Application Gateway requires a dedicated subnet of /27 or larger size. 

1. In the Azure portal, search and select `Application Gateways` and, on the **Application Gateways** blade, click **+ Create**.

1. On the **Basics** tab, specify the following settings (leave others with their default values):

    | Setting | Value |
    | --- | --- |
    | Subscription | the name of the Azure subscription you are using in this lab |
    | Resource group | `az104-rg6` |
    | Application gateway name | `az104-appgw` |
    | Region | The **same** Azure region that you used in Task 1 |
    | Tier | **Standard V2** |
    | Enable autoscaling | **No** |
	| Instance count | `2` |
	| Availability zone | **None** |
    | HTTP2 | **Disabled** |
    | Virtual network | **az104-06-vnet1** |
    | Subnet | **subnet-appgw (10.60.3.224/27)** |

    ![Screenshot of the create app gateway page.](../media/az104-lab06-create-appgw.png)

1. Click **Next: Frontends >** and specify the following settings (leave others with their default values). When complete, click **OK**. 

    | Setting | Value |
    | --- | --- |
    | Frontend IP address type | **Public** |
    | Public IP address| **Add new** | 
	| Name | `az104-gwpip` |
	| Availability zone | **None** |

1. Click **Next: Backends >** and then **Add a backend pool**. This is the backend pool for **images**. Specify the following settings (leave others with their default values). When completed click **Add**.

    | Setting | Value |
    | --- | --- |
    | Name | `az104-appgwbe` |
    | Add backend pool without targets | **No** |
    | Virtual machine | **az104-rg6-nic1 (10.60.1.4)** |
    | Virtual machine | **az104-rg6-nic2 (10.60.2.4)** | 

1. Click **Next: Configuration >** and then **+ Add a routing rule**. Specify the following settings:

    | Setting | Value |
    | --- | --- |
    | Rule name | `az104-gwrule` |
    | Priority | `10` |
    | Listener name | `az104-listener` |
    | Frontend IP | **Public** |
    | Protocol | **HTTP** |
    | Port | `80` |
    | Listener type | **Basic** |

    ![Screenshot of the create app gateway rule page.](../media/az104-lab06-appgw-rule.png)

1. Switch to the **Backend targets** tab and specify the following settings (leave others with their default values). 

    | Setting | Value |
    | --- | --- |
    | Target type | **Backend pool** |
    | Backend target | **az104-appgwbe** |
    | Backend settings | **Add new** |
    | Backend settings name | `az104-http` |
    | Backend protocol | **HTTP** |
    | Backend port | `80` |
    | Additional settings | **take the defaults** |
    | Host name | **take the defaults** |

   >**Note:** Use the informational icons to learn more about **Cookie-based affinity** and **Connection draining**. 

1. Select **Add multiple targets to create a path-based rule**. You will create two rules.

	**Rule - routing to the images backend**

    | Setting | Value |
    | --- | --- |
    | Path | `/image/*` |
    | Target name | `images` |
    | Backend settings | **az104-http** |
    | Backend target | `az104-appgwbe` |

	**Rule - routing to the videos backend**

    | Setting | Value |
    | --- | --- |
    | Path | `/video/*` |
    | Target name | `videos` |
    | Backend settings | **az104-http** |
    | Backend target | `az104-appgwbe` |

1. Select **Add** twice then select **Next: Tags >**.

1. Select **Next: Review + create >** and then click **Create**.

    > **Note**: Wait for the Application Gateway instance to be created. This will take approximately 5-10 minutes.

1. In the Azure portal, search and select **az104-appgw**.

1. In the **Application Gateway** resource, in the **Monitoring** section, select **Backend health**.

1. Ensure both servers in the backend pool display **Healthy**. 

1. On the **az104-appgw** Application Gateway blade, copy the value of the **Frontend public IP address**.

1. Start another browser window and test the URL - `http://<frontend ip address>/image/`.

1. Verify you are directed to image server (vm1). 

1. Start another browser window and test the URL - `http://<frontend ip address>/video/`.

1. Verify you are directed to image server (vm2). 

> **Note**: You may need to refresh more than once or open a new browser window in InPrivate mode.

## Key takeaways

Congratulations on completing the lab. Here are the main takeaways for this lab. 

+ Azure Load Balancer is an excellent choice for distributing network traffic across multiple virtual machines at the transport layer (OSI layer 4 - TCP and UDP).
+ Public Load Balancers are used to load balance internet traffic to your VMs. An internal (or private) load balancer is used where private IPs are needed at the frontend only.
+ The Basic load balancer is for small-scale applications that don't need high availability or redundancy. The Standard load balancer is for high performance and ultra-low latency.
+ Azure Application Gateway is a web traffic (OSI layer 7) load balancer that enables you to manage traffic to your web applications.
+ The Application Gateway Standard tier offers all of the L7 functionality, including load balancing, The WAF tier adds a firewall to check for malicious traffic.
+ An Application Gateway can make routing decisions based on additional attributes of an HTTP request, for example URI path or host headers. 

## Learn more with self-paced training

+ [Improve application scalability and resiliency by using Azure Load Balancer](https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/improve-app-scalability-resiliency-with-load-balancer/). Discuss the different load balancers in Azure and how to choose the right Azure load balancer solution to meet your requirements.
+ [Load balance your web service traffic with Application Gateway](https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/load-balance-web-traffic-with-application-gateway/). Improve application resilience by distributing load across multiple servers and use path-based routing to direct web traffic.
+ [Configure monitoring for virtual networks](https://learn.microsoft.com/training/modules/configure-monitoring-virtual-networks/). Understand how to use Azure Network Watcher Connection Monitor, flow logs, NSG diagnostics, and packet capture to monitor connectivity across your Azure IaaS network resources.
## Cleanup your resources

If you are working with your own subscription take a minute to delete the lab resources. This will ensure resources are freed up and cost is minimized. The easiest way to delete the lab resources is to delete the lab resource group. 

+ In the Azure portal, select the resource group, select **Delete the resource group**, **Enter resource group name**, and then click **Delete**.
+ Using Azure PowerShell, `Remove-AzResourceGroup -Name resourceGroupName`.
+ Using the CLI, `az group delete --name resourceGroupName`.
